The exothermic reaction is the crystallisation of sodium ethanoate, and the endothermic reaction is the reaction of barium hydroxide with ammonium chloride.

The three intermediate fractions and an unfractionated sample were hydrolyzed in 1.5 M NaOH solution at 80 °C for 24 h under reflux, dialyzed against water for a week, and neutralized with HCl to ...