Human biological sex is determined by the sex chromosomes X and Y. In most cases, females possess two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y. However, there is some evidence that the Y ...

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

The nucleus of each human body cell contains 46 chromosomes. Each chromosome contains about 1000 genes. There is enough DNA in all the cells in a human body to stretch to the sun and back again ...

But it might also put us at risk for uniquely human brain disorders. The study appears in Nature. The research focused on parts of chromosomes known as human accelerated regions (HARs), which have ...

Human-accelerated regions (HARs) in chromosomes help human neurons grow multiple neurites. When HARs were added to artificial chimpanzee neurons, as seen on the right, they grew extra neurites, ...