"All but one of this lungfish's 19 chromosomes is the size of the entire human genome, so it takes a lot of energy to copy ...

Human biological sex is determined by the sex chromosomes X and Y. In most cases, females possess two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y. However, there is some evidence that the Y ...

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

It’s not clear why these backups have evolved. The new Y chromosome sequences could spell change for metagenomics research, which involves sequencing microbial genomes. Human DNA contaminants often ...

But it might also put us at risk for uniquely human brain disorders. The study appears in Nature. The research focused on parts of chromosomes known as human accelerated regions (HARs), which have ...