Organisms within an ecosystem are organised into levels. Producer Producers are plants and algae, which photosynthesise. Primary consumer Primary consumers are herbivores, which eat producers.

Hard limits are those for which existing adaptation options will cease to be effective and additional options are not possible. For example, restoration of coral reefs as an ecosystem-based ...

In recent years, environmental science has increasingly focused on the issue of sediment contamination by both major and trace elements, which has an impact ...

managing ecosystems for carbon Theodore Endreny [email protected] modeling urban heat adaptation, nature-based solutions, building energy loads, i-Tree Cool Air & Energy software development Andrea ...

That’s what WWF’s new report is all about. Watering Resilience: Case studies of Nature-based Solutions for climate adaptation in action demonstrates how NbS in freshwater and coastal ecosystems are ...

It aims to make people, places, ecosystems and economies more resilient and to make climate adaptation part of standard ...