On average, the turnover rate of phytoplankton is 10 to 1000 times faster than that of grasslands and forests ... food chain is dominant (Smith & Smith 2009). In deep-water aquatic ecosystems ...

The disruption of food chains can lead to a reduction in biodiversity ... These factors contribute to the degradation of forest ecosystems, which play a crucial role in carbon storage.

All organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other. Food chains show the flow of energy from one organism to another. Food chains show the feeding relationships between organisms. Food webs show ...

Food forests are small gardens with diverse edible vegetation that mimic the natural forest ecosystem. The Brookings food forest is set to go next to the CDouglas Chittick Community Gardens.

Just by foraging, this species oxygenates the soil and improves water absorption in the forest floor, wildlife experts said.