Many of these babies are born premature, at 30 weeks or less, and they have a high chance of having a hemorrhage in their brains shortly after birth, known as a germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH).

Low-grade GMH-IVH alone had minimal impact but added cerebellar or white matter injury predicted poorer early neurodevelopment.

Germinal matrix: A highly vascularised region in the developing brain, particularly prone to haemorrhagic events in prematurely born infants. Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants ...