The temporal muscles that close the jaws descend through these openings. 3. Dermal skull roof or dermatocranium A shield of membrane or dermal bone covering the top and sides of the head and extending ...

Snapping turtle - Otic notch at back of skull allows anterior expansion of jaw muscles. ‘Modified anapsid’ condition increases power of bite. Holes arose in dermal roof, muscles pass through roof to ...

to study how the skulls, jaw muscles, and feeding mechanics changed along the transition from dinosaurs to birds, and Wilken joined his lab to help. The team began by taking CT scans of a variety ...

with massive teeth and thick skulls) “They probably had different ecological niches,” Zanolli explained. P. robustus likely had a highly specialized diet, “as suggested by the massive jaw ...

The research team, including graduate student Alec Wilken and Associate Professor Casey Holliday, Ph.D., studied how skulls, jaw muscles, and feeding mechanics changed during the transition from ...

One was that the skulls of the Formby squirrels that had eaten a lot of peanuts were flatter than those of their Scottish counterparts. The researchers also found jaw muscle attachments were ...

And yet, its humerus (an arm bone) is quite human-like ... running from front to back on the top of the skull) from which muscles running to the jaw were attached. A. boisei is similar to A.

Following this, biological anthropologist Dr Joseph Weiner and human anatomist Wilfrid Le Gros Clark, both from Oxford University, worked with Dr Oakley to further test the age of the Piltdown ...