An antibody is a component of humoral immunity. Antibodies can be effective defenders ... A lipid (fatty) covering that surrounds a viral particle. It is derived from the cell membrane of the host ...

Non-human adenoviruses have been used as vectors to avoid pre-existing immunity ... expected to induce both humoral antibody-based and cell-mediated including innate antiviral responses that ...

Patients with chronic hepatitis B present a profound defect of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific T-cell immunity. Antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients suppresses HBV replication but ...