Background Clinical examination of patients with chronic lumbar radiculopathy aims to clarify whether there is nerve root impingement. The aims of this study were to investigate the association ...

Surgical options aim to remove the pressure of the nerve root and may vary depending on the cause of radiculopathy and location in the spine (cervical vs. lumbar). Common surgical procedures are ...

In this study, caudal ESI was ineffective for chronic lumbar radiculopathy. These results are consistent with those from a recent systematic review (Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2009; 34:49) and an ...