Research on the interactions between Earth's lithosphere, atmosphere, and ionosphere has uncovered new insights into how ...

Aa Aa Aa Biogeochemical cycles describe pathways by which chemical elements move through both biotic (the biosphere) and abiotic compartments (the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere ...

Research opportunities are available for students to work with our faculty studying the Earth’s complex evolving systems and the interrelations among the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, ...

The atmosphere interacts closely with the rest of the Earth system – including the biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere – as well as with urban areas and societies on time scales from ...

Soil is the interface of Earth’s hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. We focus on the chemical, physical, microbiological and biological processes in soil that control the fluxes and ...