Some examples of different kinds of restoration ... practitioners must still decide how far in the past is defined as "natural." For some ecosystems the reference state may be before any human ...

Cultural services – non-material benefits from ecosystems, for example the aesthetic and recreational value of landscapes Today, through our activities, we often exploit natural resources, influencing ...

Of the more ‘natural’ ecosystems, mountain ... The Cairngorms and the Southern Uplands are an example of this kind of area. There are far fewer in England, Wales and Northern Ireland where ...

The biodiversity-ecosystem services relationship is a hot topic in science but to what extent is it evident in soils? Aa Aa Aa Humans depend to a large degree on goods provided by natural and ...