Francis Bellamy was a Baptist minister's son from upstate New York. Educated in public ... the opening words—"I pledge allegiance to my flag"—tumbled onto paper. Then, after two hours of ...

On the morning of October 21, 1892, children at schools across the country rose to their feet, faced a newly installed American flag and ... lucrative career as a New York City advertising ...

Municipalities throughout New York were suddenly ordered to lower their flags to half staff this week for a reason very ...