An important technical consideration in the percutaneous treatment of ULMCA disease is the anatomical location of the stenosis, which can be ostial, midshaft or distal. A distal left main stenosis ...

and most lesions involve the ostial segment. [1] The majority of patients are asymptomatic, and less than 10% of patients require treatment. Stenosis or occlusion can involve both proximal and ...

whereas the inferior PVs are more difficult to ablate and prone to postablation ostial stenosis. Most procedure failures can be attributed to incomplete isolation or recurrent PV left atrial ...