What is already known on this topic? Intravenous maintenance fluid therapy was originally designed as hypotonic. The use of hypotonic solutions has been associated with complications, including ...

For many people, especially those dealing with chronic stress or low energy, conventional health care feels reactive and slow ...

Hypotonic fluid: A solution with a lower solute concentration than blood, which can increase the risk of cellular swelling and hyponatraemia.

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Although there is ample evidence elsewhere that administration of large volumes of hypotonic fluids has led to severe hyponatraemia and adverse neurological outcomes in many patients with a variety of ...

Research analysis: The optimal solution for IV disinfection Exploring the infection control benefits of chlorhexidine, alcohol, betadine and povidone iodine-alcohol ...