His predecessor and patron, Pietro Cardinal Gasparri, Vatican Secretary of State under two popes for 15 years, framer of the Lateran Treaty between the Italian state and the Vatican, gave the ...

Pope Pius XI signed the Lateran Treaty of 1929, which established Vatican City as an independent state. This marked a shift from territorial rule to moral and spiritual authority. The 20th century ...

The Lateran Treaty of 1929 codified the current diplomatic and political status of the Vatican, formally establishing the sovereign nation of the Vatican City State. But the political power of the ...

So in your view, aside from Francis' example, ambiguity of this sort has been a structural element from the time the Lateran Treaty was signed in 1929. The treaty established the Vatican's ...

Pius XI was a vocal advocate for peace and justice, and his papacy saw the signing of the Lateran Treaty with Italy, which established Vatican City as an independent sovereign state. During his time ...

Twal is the first patriarchal vicar of Jordan to be ordained on Jordanian soil at a crucial time for the region, amidst the ...

Nevertheless, the Vatican refused to pay the taxes—which might run upwards of $15 million a year-citing the Lateran Treaty of 1929 between Pope Pius XI and Mussolini. At that time, Italy agreed ...

A celebration took place for the occasion, presided over by Cardinal Baldassare Reina, vicar general of the Diocese of Rome, in the Basilica of St. John Lateran. The conclusions of the diocesan ...