Due to the radiative thermal conductivity of the mineral olivine, only oceanic plates over 60 million years old and subducting at more than 10 centimeters per year remain sufficiently cold to ...

Park and her colleagues used this observation to infer the viscosity of the mantle. By examining how the Earth deformed over time, they found evidence of a layer about 50-miles thick that is less ...

The vertical movement of the mantle is one of the driving forces that brings about large-scale geological changes to the ...

IN a recent investigation1 I found the travel times of the seismic P waves (longitudinal waves) up to an epicentral distance of about 22° to conform with a structure below the Mohorovičić ...

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As the Aral Sea has been drained by irrigation and dried up, the mass loss on the surface has caused Earth’s upper mantle to rise up, lifting the emptied sea bed an average of 7 millimetres per year ...

By examining how the Earth deformed over time, they found evidence of a layer about 50-miles thick that is less viscous (that is, “runnier”) than the rest of the mantle, sitting at the bottom of the ...